 | |
| Geography |
| Landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines |
| Location: | Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy |
| Geographic coordinates: | 43 46 N, 12 25 E |
| Area: | total: 61 sq km land: 61 sq km water: 0 sq km
Size comparison: about one third times the size of Washington, DC |
| Land Boundaries: | total: 39 km border countries: Italy 39 km |
| Coastline: | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Maritime claims: | none (landlocked) |
| Climate: | Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers |
| Terrain: | rugged mountains |
| Elevation extremes: | lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m highest point: Monte Titano 755 m |
| Natural resources: | building stone |
| Land use: | arable land: 16.67% permanent crops: 0% other: 83.33% (2005) |
| Irrigated land: | NA |
| Natural hazards: | NA |
| Current Environment Issues: | air pollution; urbanization decreasing rural farmlands |
| International Environment Agreements: | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution |
| ^Back to Top |
| People |
| Population: | 32,448 (July 2013 est.) |
| Age structure: | 0-14 years: 16.2% (male 2,799/female 2,461) 15-24 years: 10.6% (male 1,749/female 1,679) 25-54 years: 42.8% (male 6,575/female 7,327) 55-64 years: 11.8% (male 1,926/female 1,919) 65 years and over: 18.5% (male 2,680/female 3,333) (2013 est.) population pyramid: |
| Median age: | total: 42.8 years male: 41.9 years female: 43.6 years (2012 est.) |
| Population growth rate: | 0.98% (2012 est.) |
| Birth rate: | 8.9 births/1,000 population (2012 est.) |
| Death rate: | 8.06 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.) |
| Net migration rate: | 8.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.) |
| Sex ratio: | at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.14 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2011 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate: | total: 4.65 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.84 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth: | total population: 83.07 years male: 80.55 years female: 85.81 years (2012 est.) |
| Total fertility rate: | 1.48 children born/woman (2013 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: | NA |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: | NA |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths: | NA |
| Nationality: | noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural) adjective: Sammarinese |
| Ethnic groups: | Sammarinese, Italian |
| Religions: | Roman Catholic |
| Languages: | Italian |
| Literacy: | definition: age 10 and over can read and write total population: 96% male: 97% female: 95% |
| ^Back to Top |
| Government |
| Country name: | conventional long form: Republic of San Marino conventional short form: San Marino local long form: Repubblica di San Marino local short form: San Marino |
| Government type: | republic |
| Capital: | name: San Marino geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October |
| Administrative divisions: | 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle |
| Independence: | 3 September 301 |
| National holiday: | Founding of the Republic, 3 September (A.D. 301) |
| Constitution: | 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution |
| Legal system: | civil law system with Italian civil law influences |
| Suffrage: | 18 years of age; universal |
| Executive branch: | chief of state: Co-chiefs of State Captain Regent Teodoro LONFERNINI and Captain Regent Denise BRONZETTI (for the period 1 October 2012-1 April 2013) head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Pasquale VALENTINI (since 5 December 2012) cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term (For more information visit the World Leaders website ) elections: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Grand and General Council for a six-month term; election last held on 17 Septermber 2012 (next to be held in March 2013); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Grand and General Council for a five-year term; election last held on 11 November 2012 (next to be held by November 2017) election results: Teodoro LONFERNINI and Denise BRONZETTI elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA; Pasquale VALENTINI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (co-chiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has nine other members, all are selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are nine secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some prime ministerial roles |
| Legislative branch: | unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held on 11 November 2012 (next to be held by November 2017) election results: percent of vote by party - San Marino Common Good coalition (San Marino Bene Comune) 50.7% (PDCS 29.5%, PSD 14.3%, AP 6.7%), Entente for the Country coalition (Intesa per Il Paese) 22.3% (PS 12.1%, UPR 8.4%, USDM 1.7%), Active Citizenry coalition (Cittadinanza Attiva) 16.1% (SU 9.1%, Civic 10 6.7%), Civic Movement R.E.T.E. 6.3%, For San Marino 2.8%, San Marino 3.0 1.8%; seats by party - San Marino Common Good coalition 35 (PDCS 21, PSD 10, AP 4), Entente for the Country coalition 12 (PS 7, UPR 5), Active Citizenry 9 (SU 5, Civic 10 4), Civic Movement R.E.T.E. 4 |
| Judicial branch: | Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII |
| Political parties and leaders: | San Marino Common Good Christian Democrats or PDCS [Marco GATTI]; Party of Socialists and Democrats or PSD [Gerardo GIOVAGNOLI]; Popular Alliance or AP [Stefano PALMIERI]; Entente for the Country Socialist Party or PS [Augusto CASALI]; Union for the Republic or UPR [Giovanni LONFERNINI]; Active Citizenship United Left or SU [Alessandro ROSSI]; Civic 10 [Mateo CIACCI]; other Civic Movement R.E.T.E. (Network) [Grazia ZAFFERANI]; For San Marino [Emilio DELLA BALDA]; San Marino 3.0 [Simone DELLA VALLE] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders: | NA |
| International organization participation: | CE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Schengen Convention (de facto member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO |
| Diplomatic representation in the US: | chief of mission: Ambassador Paolo RONDELLI chancery: 888 17th Street NW, Suite 900, Washington, DC 20006 telephone: 202-337-2260 FAX: 202-452-8938 |
| Diplomatic representation from the US: | the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino |
| ^Back to Top |
| Economy |
| San Marino's economy relies heavily on tourism, the banking industry and the manufacture and export of ceramics, clothing, fabrics, furniture, paints, spirits, tiles, and wine. The manufacturing and financial sectors account for more than half of San Marino's GDP. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy. The economy benefits from foreign investment due to its relatively low corporate taxes and low taxes on interest earnings. The income tax rate is also very low, about one-third the average EU level. San Marino does not issue public debt securities; when necessary, it finances deficits by drawing down central bank deposits. San Marino's economy has encountered five years of GDP contraction, largely due to weakened demand from Italy - which accounts for 90% of its export market - and financial sector consolidation. Difficulties in the banking sector, the recent global economic downturn, and the sizeable decline in tax revenues have led to five consecutive years of negative real GDP growth. The government has adopted measures to counter the economic downturn, including subsidized credit to businesses. For the first time since 2009, there were signs of improvements in the financial sector in the third quarter of 2012. San Marino continues to work towards harmonizing its fiscal laws with EU and international standards. In September 2009, the OECD removed San Marino from its list of tax havens that have yet to fully adopt global tax standards, and in 2010 San Marino signed Tax Information Exchange Agreements with most major countries. San Marino's government continues to work with Italy to ratify a financial information exchange agreement, seen by businesses and investors as crucial to strengthening the economic relationship between the two countries. |
| GDP (purchasing power parity): | GDP (purchasing power parity): $1.365 billion (2012 est.) $1.393 billion (2011 est.) $1.43 billion (2010 est.) |
| GDP (official exchange rate): | GDP (official exchange rate): $1.85 billion (2012 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate: | -2% (2012 est.) -2.6% (2011 est.) -5.2% (2010 est.) |
| GDP - per capita (PPP): | GDP - per capita (PPP): $36,200 (2009) $41,900 (2007) |
| GDP - composition by sector: | agriculture: 0.1% industry: 39.2% services: 60.7% (2009) |
| Labor force: | 21,830 (December 2012) |
| Labor force - by occupation: | agriculture: 0.1% industry: 34.4% services: 65.5% (2010 est.) |
| Unemployment rate: | 7% (2012) 5.5% (2011) |
| Population below poverty line: | NA% |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share: | lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices): | Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.5% (2012) 3.1% (December 2011) |
| Budget: | revenues: $667.7 million expenditures: $694.7 million (2011) |
| Agriculture - products: | wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides |
| Industries: | tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine |
| Industrial production growth rate: | 2.3% (2012 est.) |
| Exports: | $3.827 billion (2011 est.) $2.576 billion (2010 est.) |
| Exports - commodities: | building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics |
| Imports: | $2.551 billion (2011 est.) $2.132 billion (2010 est.) |
| Imports - commodities: | wide variety of consumer manufactures, food, energy |
| Debt - external: | $NA |
| Market value of publicly traded shares: | $NA |
| Exchange rates: | euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7838 (2011) 0.7185 (2010) 0.755 (2010 est.) 0.7198 (2009 est.) 0.6827 (2008 est.) |
| Fiscal year: | calendar year |
| ^Back to Top |
| Communications |
| Telephones in use: | 18,700 (2011) country comparison to the world: 192 |
| Cellular Phones in use: | 35,500 (2011) |
| Telephone system: | general assessment: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity 170 telephones per 100 persons international: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network (2011) |
| Radio broadcast stations: | |
| Television broadcast stations: | |
| Internet country code: | .sm |
| Internet hosts: | 11,015 (2012) |
| Internet users: | 17,000 (2009) |
| ^Back to Top |
| Transportation |
| Roadways: | total: 292 km country comparison to the world: 205 paved: 292 km (2006) |
| ^Back to Top |
| Military |
| Defense is the responsibility of Italy |
| Military branches: | no regular military forces; voluntary Military Corps (Corpi Militari) performs ceremonial duties and limited police support functions (2010) |
| Military service age and obligation: | 16-55 for voluntary service in Voluntary Military Force (2006) |
| Manpower available for military service: | males age 16-49: 6,892 (2010 est.) |
| Manpower fit for military service: | males age 16-49: 5,565 females age 16-49: 6,067 (2010 est.) |
| ^Back to Top |
Previous Country | Next Country 
» Country List